1935:

“During the era of rice growing the lower flatlands
of Waipi‘o Valley proper were devoted mainly to
rice culture by Chinese. In 1935, perhaps a quarter
of the lower valley produced taro; many old terraces
served for pasturing horses, and the rest were
neglected. The interior sections of the main valley
and of the inner valleys were a jungle of guava,
kukui, and other wild growths.”

Source: Handy et al. 1995: 533