Offshore Islet Project

HOME > O'AHU ISLETS
For more information click on an islet name on the map or select from the list below. Islets that are washed over by waves and lack any flora or fauna are not detailed here.
> Kaohikaipu (Black Rock)	> Kapapa (Mokukapapa)	> Kekepa (Turtle Rock)
> Kihewamoku	> Kuka'imanini	> Kukuiho'olua
> Manana (Rabbit Island)	> Mokauea	> Mokolea
> Mokoli'i (Chinaman's Hat)	> Moku manu	> Moku o Lo'e (Coconut Island)
> Mokualai	> Moku'au'ia (Goat Island)	> Mokulua
> Popo'ia (Flat Island)	> Pulemoku

Manana (Rabbit Island)

View from Ka'ohika'ipu
Photo: H. Eijzenga

67 acre islet located in Waimanalo Bay across from Makapuu Point.
The islet is part of the State Seabird Sanctuary: access is by permit only to protect the islet's flora and fauna.

Field Accounts: 24 Sep 2007; 9 Feb and Feb 11 2008

Species checklists:

ARTHROPOD
Order: ARANAEA
Family: Uloboridae
	Zosis geniculatus nananana (Humped spider) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	11-Feb-08	Complete survey	Present	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
Order: ARANEAE
Family: Araneidae
	Neoscona oaxacensis nananana (Western spotted orbweaver) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	11-Feb-08	Complete survey	Present	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
Family: Clubionidae
	Cheiracanthium mordax nananana (Pale leaf spider) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	11-Feb-08	Complete survey	Present	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
Family: Dysderidae
	Dysdera crocota nananana (Woodlouse spider) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	11-Feb-08	Complete survey	Present	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
Family: Oxypodidae
	Oxyopes sp. [of Kumashiro, 1990] nananana (Lynx spider) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	11-Feb-08	Complete survey	Present	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
Family: Salticidae
	Hasarius adansoni pe'epe'e-maka-walu (Adanson's house jumper) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	11-Feb-08	Complete survey	Present	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
Family: Theridiidae
	Latrodectus geometricus nananana (Brown widow) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	11-Feb-08	Complete survey	Present	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
	Steatoda crocota nananana Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	11-Feb-08	Complete survey	Present	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
Order: BLATTODEA
Family: Blaberidae
	Diploptera punctata elelu (Pacific beetle cockroach) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	11-Feb-08	Complete survey	Present	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
Family: Blattellidae
	Symploce pallens elelu liilii (Smooth cockroach) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	11-Feb-08	Complete survey	Present	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
Family: Blattidae
	Blattella germanica elelu liilii (German cockroach) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	25-Aug-34	Partial survey	Present	Bryan 1935
	Periplaneta americana elelu 'ula 'ula (American cockroach) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	11-Feb-08	Complete survey	Present	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
Order: COLEOPTERA
Family: Cerambycidae
	Sybra alternans none (Long-horned beetle) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	11-Feb-08	Complete survey	Present	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
Family: Chrysomelidae
	Epitrix hirtipennis none (Tobacco flea-beetle) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	25-Aug-34	Partial survey	Present	Bryan 1935
Family: Coccinellidae
	Coccinella septempunctata none (Seven-spotted ladybird beetle) Fed:none State:none			Introduced
	11-Feb-08	Complete survey	Present	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
	Scymnus loweii none (Dusky lady beetle) Fed:none State:none			Introduced
	25-Aug-34	Partial survey	Present	Bryan 1935
	Symunus ocellatus none Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	25-Aug-34	Partial survey	Present	Bryan 1935
Family: Curculionidae
	Asynonychus godmanni none (Fuller's rose weevil) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	25-Aug-34	Partial survey	Present	Bryan 1935
Family: Dermestidae
	Dermestes ater none (Black larder beetle) Fed:none State:none			Indigenous
	25-Aug-34	Partial survey	Present	Bryan 1935
	Dermestes frischii none (Dermestid beetle) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	11-Feb-08	Complete survey	Present	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
Family: Elateridae
	Conoderus exsul kane pa'ina (Click beetle) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	25-Aug-34	Partial survey	Present	Bryan 1935
Family: Histeridae
	Indet. (Histeridae) none (Hister beetle) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	11-Feb-08	Complete survey	Present	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
Family: Tenebrionidae
	Ammophorus insularis pu'u Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	11-Feb-08	Complete survey	Present	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
	Gonocephalum adpressiforme pu'u (Gonocephalum darkling beetle) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	25-Aug-34	Partial survey	Present	Bryan 1935
	11-Feb-08	Complete survey	Present	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
	Lobometopon diremptus pu'u Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	25-Aug-34	Partial survey	Present	Bryan 1935
	11-Feb-08	Complete survey	Present	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
Family: Trogidae
	Trox suberosus none Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	11-Feb-08	Complete survey	Present	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
Order: DERMAPTERA
Family: Labiduridae
	Labidura riparia lo (Sand earwig) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	11-Feb-08	Complete survey	Present	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
Order: DIPTERA
Family: Canicidae
	Canaceoides angulatus nalo (Beach fly) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	25-Aug-34	Partial survey	Present	Bryan 1935
Family: Culicidae
	Aedes albopictus Makika (Asian Tiger Mosquito) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
		Unknown	Present	Fitch 1968
	1966-1968	Complete survey	Present	Spadoni et al. 1979
	Aedes vexans Makika (Mosquito) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
		Unknown	Present	Fitch 1968
	1966-1968	Complete survey	Present	Spadoni et al. 1979
	Culex quinquefasciatus Makika (Mosquito) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
		Unknown	Present	Fitch 1968
	1966-1968	Complete survey	Present	Spadoni et al. 1979
Family: Dolichopodidae
	Thambemyia sp. nalo (Long-legged fly) Fed:none State:none			Unknown
	25-Aug-34	Partial survey	Present	Bryan 1935
Family: Hippoboscidae
	Olfersia aenescens 'uku-hipa Fed:none State:none			Indigenous
	29-Feb-63 and 29-Feb-64	Partial survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	Olfersia spinifera 'uku-hipa Fed:none State:none			Indigenous
	25-Aug-34	Partial survey	Present	Bryan 1935
Family: Muscidae
	Stomoxys calcitrans nalo (Stable fly) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	25-Aug-34	Partial survey	Present	Bryan 1935
Family: Sarcophagidae
	Sarcophaga peregrina nalo (Flesh fly) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	25-Aug-34	Partial survey	Present	Bryan 1935
Family: Tachinidae
	Lespesia archippivora nalo (Tachinid fly) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	11-Feb-08	Complete survey	Present	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
Order: HETEROPTERA
Family: Anthocoridae
	Orius persequens none Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	11-Feb-08	Complete survey	Present	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
Family: Lygaeidae
	Nysius sp. none (Seed bug) Fed:none State:none			Unknown
	25-Aug-34	Partial survey	Present	Bryan 1935
Family: Miridae
	Engytatus modestus none (Tomato bug) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	25-Aug-34	Partial survey	Present	Bryan 1935
Order: HOMOPTERA
Family: Membracidae
	Vanduzea segmentata none (Vanduzee treehopper) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	11-Feb-08	Complete survey	Present	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
Order: HYMENOPTERA
Family: Bethylidae
	Epyris extraneus none Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	25-Aug-34	Partial survey	Present	Bryan 1935
Family: Braconidae
	Apanteles opacus nalo puka (none) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	11-Feb-08	Complete survey	Present	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
	Glyptapanteles sp. none Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	25-Aug-34	Partial survey	Present	Bryan 1935
Family: Evaniidae
	Evania appendigaster nalo puka (Ensign wasp) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	11-Feb-08	Complete survey	Present	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
Family: Formicidae
	Anoplolepis gracilipes none (Long-legged Ant) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	11-Feb-08	Complete survey	Present	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
	Cardiocondyla nuda none (Cardiocondyla ant) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	25-Aug-34	Partial survey	Present	Bryan 1935
	Ochetellus glaber naonao (Glaber Ant) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	11-Feb-08	Complete survey	Present	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
	Pheidole megacephala naonao-aki (Big-headed ant) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	11-Feb-08	Complete survey	Present	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
	Solenopsis geminata naonao (Fire ant) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	25-Aug-34	Partial survey	Common	Bryan 1935
	11-Feb-08	Complete survey	Present	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
Family: Ichneumonidae
	Pimpla punicpes none (none) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	11-Feb-08	Complete survey	Present	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
Family: Megachilidae
	Megachile fullawayi none (Leafcutter bee) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	25-Aug-34	Partial survey	4 individuals	Bryan 1935
Family: Syrphidae
	Simosyrphus grandicornis none (Common hover fly) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	25-Aug-34	Partial survey	Present	Bryan 1935
Order: ISOPODA
Family: Ligiidae
	Ligia hawaiiensis none (Mangrove slater) Fed:none State:none			Endemic
	11-Feb-08	Complete survey	Present	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
Family: Porcellionidae
	Porcellio laevis pokipoki (Pill bug) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	11-Feb-08	Complete survey	Present	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
Order: LEPIDOPTERA
Family: Crambidae
	Spoladea recurvalis none (Hawaiian Beet Webworm) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	25-Aug-34	Partial survey	Present	Bryan 1935
	11-Feb-08	Complete survey	Present	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
	Tamsica homodora none Fed:none State:none			Endemic
	25-Aug-34	Partial survey	Present	Bryan 1935
Order: ORTHOPTERA
Family: Gryllidae
	Gryllodes sigillatus uhini (Tropical house cricket) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	25-Aug-34	Partial survey	Present	Bryan 1935
	11-Feb-08	Complete survey	Present	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
Order: SIPHONAPTERA
Family: Pulicidae
	Ctenocephalides felis ukulele (Cat flea) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	31-Aug-64 and 29-Feb-64	Partial survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	Echidnophaga gallinacea ukulele (Sticktight flea) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	31-Aug-64 and 29-Feb-65	Partial survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	Xenopsylla cheopis ukulele (Oriental rat flea) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	31-Aug-64 and 29-Feb-66	Partial survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
MAMMAL
Family: Leporidae
	Oryctolagus cuniculus (European rabbit) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
		Partial survey	Present	Fitch 1968
	25 Aug 1934	Unknown	Present	Bryan 1935
	27-Aug-34	Complete survey	Present	Bishop records; cited in Tomich et al. 1968
	1940	Unknown	Present	L P Richards
	1940	Unknown	Present	L P Richards
	1946-1948	Complete survey	Present	Richardson & Fisher 1950
	3-Jun-56	Unknown	Present	Warner 1956
	1961	Unknown	Present	Watson 1961
	8-Sep-63	Opportunistic survey	1 individual	Whitten 1963
	29-Feb-64	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	21 Jan 1967	Unknown	Present	R S Walker
	April - August 1969	Opportunistic survey	Present	Shallenberger 1970
	1970	Complete survey	Present	Shallenberger 1970
	12-Jun-71	Unknown	Present	Brown 1974
	18 Aug 1972	Unknown	Present	J D Dixon
	1973	Complete survey	45 individuals	Dixon 1973
	1974	Unknown	5 individuals	Coleman 1978
	11-Aug-79	Unknown	Present	Hirai 1979
	1980-1981	Unknown	Present	Telfer et al. 1981
	1-Aug-83	Unknown	Present	Shallenberger 1983
	26-Jun-84	Unknown	Present	Morin 1984
	7-Jun-85	Unknown	Present	Swenson 1986
Family: Muridae
	Mus musculus (House mouse) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
		Partial survey	Present	Fitch 1968
	1946-1948	Complete survey	Present	Richardson & Fisher 1950
	18 Mar 1947	Unknown	Present	L P Richards
	3-Jun-56	Unknown	Present	Warner 1956
	29-Feb-64	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	15 Mar 1976	Unknown	Present	W F Burke
	29 May 1979	Unknown	Present	M L Goff, et al.
	29 May 1979	Unknown	Present	M L Goff, et al.
	30 May 1979	Unknown	Present	M L Goff, et al.
	30 May 1979	Unknown	Present	M L Goff, et al.
	30 May 1979	Unknown	Present	M L Goff, et al.
	30 May 1979	Unknown	Present	M L Goff, et al.
	30 May 1979	Unknown	Present	M L Goff, et al.
	13 Jun 1979	Unknown	Present	M L Goff
	13 Jun 1979	Unknown	Present	M L Goff
	13 Jun 1979	Unknown	Present	M L Goff
	13 Jun 1979	Unknown	Present	M L Goff
	13 Jun 1979	Unknown	Present	M L Goff
	13 Jun 1979	Unknown	Present	M L Goff
	13 Jun 1979	Unknown	Present	M L Goff
	13 Jun 1979	Unknown	Present	M L Goff
	13 Jun 1979	Unknown	Present	M L Goff
	13 Jun 1979	Unknown	Present	M L Goff
	13 Jun 1979	Unknown	Present	M L Goff
Family: Phocidae
	Monachus schauinslandi Ilio-holo-i-ka-uaua (Hawaiian monk seal) Fed:E State:E			Endemic
	1-Dec-08	Opportunistic survey	5 individuals	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
MOLLUSC
Order: STYLOMMATOPHORA
Family: Succineidae
	Succinea caduca None (Terrestrial snail) Fed:Unknown State:Unknown			Endemic
	25-Feb-2005	Opportunistic survey	Present	Starr and Starr 2006
PLANT
Family: Aizoaceae
	Sesuvium portulacastrum Akulikuli Fed:none State:none			Indigenous
	24-Sep-92	Partial survey	Present	ANON 1994
	3-Mar-06	Complete survey	Occasional	Starr & Starr 2006
	9-Feb-08	Partial survey	Occasional	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
	Tetragonia tetragonioides (New Zealand spinach) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	3-Mar-06	Complete survey	Rare	Starr & Starr 2006
Family: Amaranthaceae
	Achyranthes aspera (Achyranthes) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	3-Mar-06	Complete survey	Occasional	Starr & Starr 2006
	9-Feb-08	Partial survey	Occasional	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
	Amaranthus spinosus (Spiny amaranth) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	1988-1999	Partial survey	Present	Whittow et al. 1995
	24-Sep-92	Partial survey	Present	ANON 1994
	3-Mar-06	Complete survey	Common	Starr & Starr 2006
	9-Feb-08	Partial survey	Common	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
	Amaranthus viridis (Slender amaranth) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	1988-1999	Partial survey	Present	Whittow et al. 1995
	3-Mar-06	Complete survey	Occasional	Starr & Starr 2006
Family: Arecaceae
	Cocos nucifera (Coconut) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	1946-1948	Partial survey	Present	Richardson & Fisher 1950
	1950	Partial survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	1955	Partial survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	1964	Partial survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	29-Feb-64	Complete survey	Occasional	Tomich et al. 1968
	1972-1979	Complete survey	Present	Dixon 1973
	28-Jul-85	Partial survey	Present	Newman 1985
	1988-1999	Partial survey	Present	Whittow et al. 1995
	24-Sep-92	Partial survey	Present	ANON 1994
	3-Mar-06	Complete survey	Rare	Starr & Starr 2006
	Prosopis chilensis (Kiawe) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	29-Feb-64	Partial survey	Present	Lamoureux 1964
Family: Asclepiadaceae
	Stapelia gigantea (Zulu giant) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	3-Mar-06	Complete survey	Rare	Starr & Starr 2006
Family: Asteraceae
	Ageratum conyzoides Maile Honohono (Ageratum) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	1930	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	1936	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	1964	Partial survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	29-Feb-64	Partial survey	Present	Lamoureux 1964
	3-Mar-06	Complete survey	Occasional	Starr & Starr 2006
	9-Feb-08	Partial survey	Rare	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
	Eclipta alba (False daisy) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	24-Sep-92	Partial survey	Present	ANON 1994
	Emilia fosbergii Pualele (Flora's paintbrush) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	3-Mar-06	Complete survey	Occasional	Starr & Starr 2006
	9-Feb-08	Partial survey	Rare	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
	Pluchea carolinensis (Sourbush) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	1964	Partial survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	29-Feb-64	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	29-Feb-64	Partial survey	Present	Lamoureux 1964
	1988-1999	Partial survey	Present	Whittow et al. 1995
	3-Mar-06	Complete survey	Rare	Starr & Starr 2006
	Pluchea indica (Indian fleabane) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	24-Sep-92	Partial survey	Present	ANON 1994
	3-Mar-06	Complete survey	Rare	Starr & Starr 2006
	9-Feb-08	Partial survey	Rare	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
	Reichardia picroides (Reichardia) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	3-Mar-06	Complete survey	Occasional	Starr & Starr 2006
	Sonchus oleraceus Pualele (Sow thistle) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	1930	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	1937	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	1964	Partial survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	29-Feb-64	Partial survey	Present	Lamoureux 1964
	29-Feb-64	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	1972-1987	Complete survey	Present	Dixon 1973
	3-Mar-06	Complete survey	Common	Starr & Starr 2006
	9-Feb-08	Partial survey	Occasional	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
	Tridax procumbens (Coat buttons) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	3-Mar-06	Complete survey	Occasional	Starr & Starr 2006
	Verbesina encelioides (Golden crown-beard) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	1988-1999	Partial survey	Present	Whittow et al. 1995
	24-Sep-92	Partial survey	Present	ANON 1994
	3-Mar-06	Complete survey	Common	Starr & Starr 2006
	9-Feb-08	Partial survey	Common	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
Family: Boraginaceae
	Heliotropium curassavicum Nena (salt heliotrope) Fed:none State:none			Indigenous
	1936	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	28-Jul-85	Partial survey	Present	Newman 1985
	3-Mar-06	Complete survey	Rare	Starr & Starr 2006
	9-Feb-08	Partial survey	Rare	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
Family: Chenopodiaceae
	Atriplex semibaccata (Australian saltbush) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	1936	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	1946-1948	Partial survey	Present	Richardson & Fisher 1950
	1950	Partial survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	1955	Partial survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	1964	Partial survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	29-Feb-64	Partial survey	Present	Lamoureux 1964
	29-Feb-64	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	9-Feb-08	Partial survey	Rare	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
	Atriplex suberecta (Saltbush) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	3-Mar-06	Complete survey	Present	Starr & Starr 2006
	Chenopodium murale (Lambs quarters) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	24-Sep-92	Partial survey	Present	ANON 1994
	Chenopodium oahuense Aweoweo Fed:none State:none			Endemic
	3-Mar-06	Complete survey	Occasional	Starr & Starr 2006
	9-Feb-08	Partial survey	Rare	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
Family: Convolvulaceae
	Ipomoea pes-caprae subsp. brasiliensis Pohuehue (Bayhops) Fed:none State:none			Indigenous
	3-Mar-06	Complete survey	Occasional	Starr & Starr 2006
	9-Feb-08	Partial survey	Occasional	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
	Ipomoea sp. Fed:Unknown State:Unknown			Unknown
	24-Sep-92	Partial survey	Present	ANON 1994
	Jacquemontia ovalifolia subsp. sandwicensis Pau o Hiiaka Fed:none State:none			Endemic
	1988-1999	Partial survey	Present	Whittow et al. 1995
	24-Sep-92	Partial survey	Present	ANON 1994
	Merremia aegyptia (Hairy morning glory) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	1-May-86	Partial survey	Present	Swenson 1986
	1988-1999	Partial survey	Present	Whittow et al. 1995
	1992	Partial survey	Present	Whittow et al. 1992
	3-Mar-06	Complete survey	Occasional	Starr & Starr 2006
	9-Feb-08	Partial survey	Occasional	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
Family: Cucurbitaceae
	Coccinia grandis (Ivy gourd) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	3-Mar-06	Complete survey	Rare	Starr & Starr 2006
	Cucurbita pepo (Squash) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	1937	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	1955	Partial survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
Family: Cyperaceae
	Cyperus javanicus Ahu awa Fed:none State:none			Indigenous
	1930	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	1934	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	25-Aug-34	Opportunistic survey	Rare	Bryan 1935
	3-Mar-06	Complete survey	Present	Starr & Starr 2006
	Fimbristylis cymosa (Button sedge) Fed:none State:none			Indigenous
	3-Mar-06	Complete survey	Present	Starr & Starr 2006
Family: Dryopteridaceae
	Cyrtomium falcatum (Japanese Holly Fern) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	29-Feb-64	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
Family: Euphorbiaceae
	Chamaesyce hirta (Hairy spurge) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	1930	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	1936	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	3-Mar-06	Complete survey	Rare	Starr & Starr 2006
	Chamaesyce prostrata (Prostrate spurge) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	3-Mar-06	Complete survey	Present	Starr & Starr 2006
Family: Fabaceae
	Canavalia sp. Fed:Unknown State:Unknown			Unknown
	24-Sep-92	Partial survey	Present	ANON 1994
	Leucaena leucocephala Haole koa (White leadtree) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	3-Mar-06	Complete survey	Rare	Starr & Starr 2006
	Prosopis pallida (Kiawe) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	1964	Partial survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	29-Feb-64	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	1972-1984	Complete survey	Present	Dixon 1973
	3-Mar-06	Complete survey	Rare	Starr & Starr 2006
	Tephrosia pupurea (Tephrosia) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	25-Aug-34	Opportunistic survey	Common	Bryan 1935
	Tephrosia pupurea var. purpurea (Tephrosia) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	1930	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	1934	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	1936	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	1955	Partial survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	1964	Partial survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	29-Feb-64	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	29-Feb-64	Partial survey	Present	Lamoureux 1964
	3-Mar-06	Complete survey	Present	Starr & Starr 2006
Family: Goodeniaceae
	Scaevola sericea Naupaka kahakai Fed:none State:none			Indigenous
	24-Sep-92	Partial survey	Present	ANON 1994
	3-Mar-06	Complete survey	Occasional	Starr & Starr 2006
	9-Feb-08	Partial survey	Occasional	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
Family: Malvaceae
	Sida fallax Ilima (Fanpetals) Fed:none State:none			Indigenous
	1964	Partial survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	29-Feb-64	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	29-Feb-64	Partial survey	Present	Lamoureux 1964
	3-Mar-06	Complete survey	Present	Starr & Starr 2006
	9-Feb-08	Partial survey	Rare	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
Family: Nyctaginaceae
	Boerhavia coccinea (Boerhavia) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	3-Mar-06	Complete survey	Occasional	Starr & Starr 2006
	Boerhavia repens Alena (Boerhavia) Fed:none State:none			Indigenous
	1930	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	1955	Partial survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	1964	Partial survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	29-Feb-64	Partial survey	Present	Lamoureux 1964
	29-Feb-64	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	1972-1980	Complete survey	Present	Dixon 1973
	28-Jul-85	Partial survey	Present	Newman 1985
	1988-1999	Partial survey	Present	Whittow et al. 1995
	24-Sep-92	Partial survey	Present	ANON 1994
	3-Mar-06	Complete survey	Common	Starr & Starr 2006
	9-Feb-08	Partial survey	Occasional	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
Family: Papavaraceae
	Argemone glauca var. glauca Pua kala Fed:none State:none			Endemic
	1930	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	1964	Partial survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	29-Feb-64	Partial survey	Present	Lamoureux 1964
	29-Feb-64	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	1972-1983	Complete survey	Present	Dixon 1973
	1985	Partial survey	Present	Sweet & Sweet 1985
	28-Jul-85	Partial survey	Present	Newman 1985
	1986	Partial survey	Present	Newman 1986
	1988-1999	Partial survey	Present	Whittow et al. 1995
	24-Sep-92	Partial survey	Present	ANON 1994
	3-Mar-06	Complete survey	Occasional	Starr & Starr 2006
	9-Feb-08	Partial survey	Rare	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
Family: Passifloraceae
	Passiflora suberosa Huehue haole Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	3-Mar-06	Complete survey	Occasional	Starr & Starr 2006
	9-Feb-08	Partial survey	Rare	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
Family: Poaceae
	Cenchrus ciliaris (Buffel grass) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	9-Feb-08	Partial survey	Common	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
	Cenchrus echinatus (Sand bur) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	1930	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	1934	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	25-Aug-34	Opportunistic survey	Occasional	Bryan 1935
	1936	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	1946-1948	Partial survey	Present	Richardson & Fisher 1950
	1950	Partial survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	1955	Partial survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	1964	Partial survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	29-Feb-64	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	29-Feb-64	Partial survey	Present	Lamoureux 1964
	1972-1973	Complete survey	Present	Dixon 1973
	1988-1999	Partial survey	Present	Whittow et al. 1995
	1988-1999	Partial survey	Present	Whittow et al. 1995
	24-Sep-92	Partial survey	Present	ANON 1994
	3-Mar-06	Complete survey	Rare	Starr & Starr 2006
	3-Mar-06	Complete survey	Common	Starr & Starr 2006
	Chloris barbata (Swollen fingergrass) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	1988-1999	Partial survey	Present	Whittow et al. 1995
	24-Sep-92	Partial survey	Present	ANON 1994
	3-Mar-06	Complete survey	Common	Starr & Starr 2006
	9-Feb-08	Partial survey	Occasional	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
	Chloris inflata (Swollen fingergrass) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	1934	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	1936	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	1946-1948	Partial survey	Present	Richardson & Fisher 1950
	1950	Partial survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	1955	Partial survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	1964	Partial survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	29-Feb-64	Partial survey	Present	Lamoureux 1964
	29-Feb-64	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	1972-1974	Complete survey	Present	Dixon 1973
	Chrysopogon aciculatus (Golden beardgrass) Fed:none State:none			Endemic
	3-Mar-06	Complete survey	Present	Starr & Starr 2006
	Cynodon dactylon (Bermuda grass) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	1930	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	1972-1975	Complete survey	Present	Dixon 1973
	24-Sep-92	Partial survey	Present	ANON 1994
	3-Mar-06	Complete survey	Occasional	Starr & Starr 2006
	9-Feb-08	Partial survey	Occasional	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
	Dactyoloctenium aegyptium (Egyptian grass) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	1955	Partial survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	1964	Partial survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	29-Feb-64	Partial survey	Present	Lamoureux 1964
	1972-1976	Complete survey	Present	Dixon 1973
	24-Sep-92	Partial survey	Present	ANON 1994
	3-Mar-06	Complete survey	Occasional	Starr & Starr 2006
	Digitaria insularis (Sourgrass) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	1946-1948	Partial survey	Present	Richardson & Fisher 1950
	1950	Partial survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	1955	Partial survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	1964	Partial survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	29-Feb-64	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	29-Feb-64	Partial survey	Present	Lamoureux 1964
	1972-1978	Complete survey	Present	Dixon 1973
	24-Sep-92	Partial survey	Present	ANON 1994
	3-Mar-06	Complete survey	Rare	Starr & Starr 2006
	Eleusine indica (Wiregrass) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	3-Mar-06	Complete survey	Rare	Starr & Starr 2006
	Eragrostis amabilis (Lovegrass) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	1934	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	1936	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	3-Mar-06	Complete survey	Present	Starr & Starr 2006
	Eragrostis variabilis Emoloa, kawelu Fed:none State:none			Endemic
	3-Mar-06	Complete survey	Rare	Starr & Starr 2006
	Heteropogon contortus Pili (Tanglehead) Fed:none State:none			Indigenous
	1927	Partial survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	1930	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	1934	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	25-Aug-34	Opportunistic survey	Occasional	Bryan 1935
	1936	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	1955	Partial survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	3-Mar-06	Complete survey	Present	Starr & Starr 2006
	Pancium torridum Kakonakona (Torrid panicgrass) Fed:none State:none			Endemic
	3-Mar-06	Complete survey	Present	Starr & Starr 2006
	Panicum torridum Kakonakona (Torrid panicgrass) Fed:none State:none			Endemic
	1930	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	1936	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	Setaria verticillata (Bristly foxtail) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	1936	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	1955	Partial survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	1964	Partial survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	29-Feb-64	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	29-Feb-64	Partial survey	Present	Lamoureux 1964
	1972-1977	Complete survey	Present	Dixon 1973
	1988-1999	Partial survey	Present	Whittow et al. 1995
	24-Sep-92	Partial survey	Present	ANON 1994
	3-Mar-06	Complete survey	Occasional	Starr & Starr 2006
	9-Feb-08	Partial survey	Rare	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
Family: Portulacaceae
	Portulaca lutea ihi (Purslane) Fed:none State:none			Indigenous
	1972-1982	Complete survey	Present	Dixon 1973
	24-Sep-92	Partial survey	Present	ANON 1994
	Portulaca oleracea (Pigweed) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	1930	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	1934	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	1936	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	1946-1948	Partial survey	Present	Richardson & Fisher 1950
	1950	Partial survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	1955	Partial survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	1964	Partial survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	29-Feb-64	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	29-Feb-64	Partial survey	Present	Lamoureux 1964
	1972-1981	Complete survey	Present	Dixon 1973
	1988-1999	Partial survey	Present	Whittow et al. 1995
	3-Mar-06	Complete survey	Occasional	Starr & Starr 2006
	9-Feb-08	Partial survey	Occasional	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
Family: Primulaceae
	Anagallis arvensis (Scarlet pimpernel) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	1930	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	3-Mar-06	Complete survey	Present	Starr & Starr 2006
Family: Rubiaceae
	Paederia foetida Maile pilau (Stinkvine) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	24-Sep-92	Partial survey	Present	ANON 1994
Family: Solanaceae
	Lycopersicon esculentum (Cherry tomato) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	1930	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	1934	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	25-Aug-34	Opportunistic survey	Common	Bryan 1935
	1955	Partial survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	1964	Partial survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	29-Feb-64	Partial survey	Present	Lamoureux 1964
	29-Feb-64	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	1972-1985	Complete survey	Present	Dixon 1973
	Nicotiana tabacum (Tree tobacco) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	1930	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	1934	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	25-Aug-34	Opportunistic survey	Common	Bryan 1935
	1936	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	1946-1948	Partial survey	Present	Richardson & Fisher 1950
	1950	Partial survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	1955	Partial survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	1964	Partial survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	29-Feb-64	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	29-Feb-64	Partial survey	Present	Lamoureux 1964
	1972-1986	Complete survey	Present	Dixon 1973
	28-Jul-85	Partial survey	Present	Newman 1985
	1988-1999	Partial survey	Present	Whittow et al. 1995
	3-Mar-06	Complete survey	Occasional	Starr & Starr 2006
	9-Feb-08	Partial survey	Occasional	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
	Solanum americanum Popolo (Glossy Nighshade) Fed:none State:none			Indigenous
	3-Mar-06	Complete survey	Occasional	Starr & Starr 2006
	9-Feb-08	Partial survey	Rare	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
	Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme (Tomato) Fed:none State:none			Adventive
	3-Mar-06	Complete survey	Present	Starr & Starr 2006
Family: Sterculiaceae
	Waltheria indica Uhaloa Fed:none State:none			Indigenous
	1930	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	1934	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	25-Aug-34	Opportunistic survey	Occasional	Bryan 1935
	1936	Complete survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	1955	Partial survey	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	3-Mar-06	Complete survey	Rare	Starr & Starr 2006
Family: Zygophyllaceae
	Tribulus cistoides Nohu Fed:none State:none			Indigenous
	3-Mar-06	Complete survey	Rare	Starr & Starr 2006
	9-Feb-08	Partial survey	Occasional	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
SEABIRD
Family: Laridae
	Anous minutus melanogenys noio (Black Noddy) Fed:none State:none			Indigenous
	1947	Unknown	nesting on northeast cliffs	David Woodside pers. Comm. In Richardson and Fisher 1950
	Anous stolidus noio koha (Brown Noddy) Fed:none State:none			Indigenous
	25-Aug-34	Opportunistic survey	present in thousands, all reproductive stages	Bryan 1935
	1-Oct-46	Estimated	5,000-7,000 adults	Richardson & Fisher 1950
	1-Apr-47	Estimated	5,000 adults.	Richardson & Fisher 1950
	1-May-48	Estimated	7,000 adults	Richardson & Fisher 1950
	4-Jul-49	Opportunistic survey	nesting	Dingus 1949
	30-May-54	Estimated	15,350 adults; 7620 eggs	Richardson & Hatch 1954
	30-May-56	Estimated	10,085 adults; nesting	Hatch et al. 1956
	3-Jun-56	Unknown	Present	Warner 1956
	8-Sep-63	Opportunistic survey	nesting	Whitten 1963
	29-Mar-64	Unknown	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	14-Jun-64	Estimated	25,000 max. adults	Fitch 1968
	27-Jun-65	Estimated	200,000 adults	ANON 1965
	27-Jun-65	Estimated	40,000 max.	Donaghho 1965
	4-May-67	Estimated	10,000 max nocturnal adults	Fitch 1968
	April - August 1969	Partial survey	1 chick	Shallenberger 1970
	9-Aug-70	Opportunistic survey	nesting	Prangue 1970
	13-Aug-72	Opportunistic survey	nesting	ANON 1972
	1973	Estimated	30,000 individuals	Brown 1973
	13-Aug-78	Estimated	20,000; nesting	Coleman 1978
	22-Apr-79	Opportunistic survey	Present	Shallenberger 1979
	11-Aug-79	Estimated	few thousand; nesting	Hirai 1979
	9-Jun-81	Partial survey	nesting	Telfer et al. 1981
	17-Aug-81	Opportunistic survey	nesting	Donaldson 1981
	19-May-83	Opportunistic survey	nesting	Newman 1983
	21-Aug-83	Estimated	4000-5000 adults	Shallenberger 1983
	29-May-84	Opportunistic survey	nesting	Sweet & Sweet 1984
	17-Jun-84	Partial survey	Present	Pyle 1984
	26-Jun-84	Opportunistic survey	mostly gone; nesting	Morin 1984
	15-Jul-84	Opportunistic survey	nesting	Rauzon 1984
	15-Jun-85	Opportunistic survey	abundant; nesting	Engbring 1986
	28-Jul-85	Opportunistic survey	Present	Engbring 1986
	24-Aug-85	Opportunistic survey	Present	Engbring 1986
	15-Jul-90	Opportunistic survey	many hundreds; nesting	Eilerts 1990
	27-May-94	Unknown	Present	DOFAW 1994
	23-Oct-98	Opportunistic survey	3 dead individuals	DOFAW 1999
	Sterna fuscata ewaewa (Sooty Tern) Fed:none State:none			Indigenous
	1935-1937	Partial survey	several; none nesting	Munro 1941
	1935-1950	Unknown	a few flew over islet	Munro 1941
	1937-1941	Estimated	no sooties nesting during this period	Munro 1941
	28-Mar-47	Estimated	50-75 adults; 5 - 10 nests later in the season	Richardson & Fisher 1950
	1-Jul-48	Estimated	2,000 max.; 150-200 eggs laid	Richardson & Fisher 1950
	4-Jul-49	Opportunistic survey	nesting	Dingus 1949
	4-Jul-50	Unknown	present in great numbers; nesting	Hatch 1950
	4-Jul-50	Unknown	small colony; nesting	Hatch 1950
	30-May-54	Estimated	32,020 adults; 16,010 eggs	Richardson & Hatch 1954
	1-May-56	Estimated	34,000 adults; 17,000 eggs	Gossard and Hatch 1956
	30-May-56	Estimated	33,956 adults; 16,878 chicks	Hatch et al. 1956
	3-Jun-56	Unknown	Present	Warner 1956
	8-Sep-63	Opportunistic survey	finished nesting	Whitten 1963
	29-Mar-64	Unknown	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	27-Jun-65	Estimated	40000 adults.; 309 nests	ANON 1965
	12-May-66	Estimated	250,000 adults; 10,000 chicks	Fitch 1968
	19-May-66	Estimated	200,000 adults; 20,000 chicks	Fitch 1968
	4-May-67	Estimated	75,000 adults	Fitch 1968
	April - August 1969	Partial survey	nesting	Shallenberger 1970
	9-Aug-70	Opportunistic survey	nesting	Prangue 1970
	13-Aug-72	Opportunistic survey	nesting	ANON 1972
	1973	Estimated	100,000; nesting	Brown 1973
	13-Aug-78	Opportunistic survey	Present	Coleman 1978
	11-Aug-79	Estimated	100 adults; finished nesting	Hirai 1979
	9-Jun-81	Partial survey	numerous; nesting	Telfer et al. 1981
	17-Aug-81	Opportunistic survey	roosting	Donaldson 1981
	19-May-83	Estimated	tens of thousands; nesting	Newman 1983
	21-Aug-83	Opportunistic survey	Present	Shallenberger 1983
	29-May-84	Opportunistic survey	nesting	Sweet & Sweet 1984
	17-Jun-84	Estimated	25,000 pairs	Pyle 1984
	26-Jun-84	Opportunistic survey	extremely numerous	Morin 1984
	15-Jul-84	Opportunistic survey	fledglings	Rauzon 1984
	15-Jun-85	Estimated	tens of thousands; nesting	Engbring 1986
	28-Jul-85	Estimated	2000-5000; nesting	Engbring 1986
	15-Jul-90	Opportunistic survey	thousands; end of nesting	Eilerts 1990
	27-May-94	Unknown	Present	Carter 1994
	27-May-94	Unknown	Present	DOFAW 1994
Family: Phaethontidae
	Phaethon lepturus dorotheae koae-kea (White-tailed Tropicbird) Fed:none State:none			Indigenous
	8-Sep-63	Opportunistic survey	2 flying over islet	Whitten 1963
	Phaethon rubricauda rothschildi koae-ula (Red-tailed Tropicbird) Fed:none State:none			Indigenous
	1-Aug-67	Opportunistic survey	1 nest	Whitten & Editor 1967
	April - August 1969	Partial survey	flew over islet	Shallenberger 1970
	13-Aug-78	Opportunistic survey	1 nest	Coleman 1978
	22-Apr-79	Opportunistic survey	2 flying over islet	Shallenberger 1979
	11-Aug-79	Opportunistic survey	4 flew over islet	Hirai 1979
	29-May-84	Opportunistic survey	7 flew over islet	Sweet & Sweet 1984
	17-Jun-84	Partial survey	9 nests	Pyle 1984
	26-Jun-84	Opportunistic survey	8 nests	Morin 1984
	15-Jul-84	Opportunistic survey	8 flew over islet	Rauzon 1984
	19-Sep-84	Complete survey	2 nests	Swenson 1985
	19-Sep-84	Complete survey	10 nests	Swenson 1984
	19-Sep-84	Complete survey	11 nests	Swenson 1985
	19-Sep-84	Complete survey	10 nests	Swenson 1985
	15-Jun-85	Opportunistic survey	2 nests	Engbring 1986
	28-Jul-85	Opportunistic survey	1 chick	Engbring 1986
	15-Jul-90	Opportunistic survey	3 flew over islet	Eilerts 1990
	27-May-94	Unknown	Present	DOFAW 1994
	27-May-94	Complete survey	11 chicks	Swenson 1985
	9-Feb-08	Opportunistic survey	30 adults courting over islet, 1 nesting	Eijzenga & Preston 2008
Family: Procellaridae
	Bulweria bulweri ou (Bulwer's Petrel) Fed:none State:none			Indigenous
	1935-1937	Partial survey	a few nests	Munro 1941
	1935-1948	Unknown	a few nesting	Munro 1941
	1946-1948	Estimated	fewer than 7 nesting pairs	Richardson & Fisher 1950
	4-Jul-50	Opportunistic survey	1 abandonded egg	Dingus 1949
	30-May-54	Estimated	1 adult	Richardson & Hatch 1954
	30-May-56	Partial survey	1 nest	Hatch et al. 1956
	29-Mar-64	Unknown	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	24-May-64	Unknown	10 +/- 2 nests	Fitch 1968
	27-Jun-65	Unknown	15+ adults	Donaghho 1965
	27-Jun-65	Estimated	Present	ANON 1965
	April - August 1969	Partial survey	nesting	Shallenberger 1970
	9-Aug-70	Opportunistic survey	nesting	Prangue 1970
	13-Aug-78	Opportunistic survey	4 nests	Coleman 1978
	22-Apr-79	Opportunistic survey	1 nest	Shallenberger 1979
	11-Aug-79	Opportunistic survey	4 nests	Hirai 1979
	9-Jun-81	Partial survey	few; nesting	Telfer et al. 1981
	17-Aug-81	Opportunistic survey	nesting	Donaldson 1981
	21-Aug-83	Opportunistic survey	4 chicks	Shallenberger 1983
	17-Jun-84	Partial survey	several nests	Pyle 1984
	26-Jun-84	Opportunistic survey	9 nests	Morin 1984
	15-Jul-84	Opportunistic survey	1 nest	Rauzon 1984
	19-Sep-84	Complete survey	10 nests	Swenson 1984
	15-Jun-85	Opportunistic survey	6 nests	Engbring 1986
	28-Jul-85	Opportunistic survey	2 nests	Engbring 1986
	24-Aug-85	Opportunistic survey	2 chicks	Engbring 1986
	15-Jul-90	Opportunistic survey	good numbers	Eilerts 1990
	27-May-94	Unknown	Present	DOFAW 1994
	27-May-94	Unknown	Present	Carter 1994
	Puffinus pacificus chlororhynchus uaukane (Wedge-tailed Shearwater) Fed:none State:none			Indigenous
	25-Aug-34	Opportunistic survey	a few in flight and sharing holes with rabbits	Bryan 1935
	1935-1937	Partial survey	Present	Munro 1941
	1935-1949	Unknown	Present	Munro 1941
	1-Apr-47	Estimated	2000-3000	Richardson & Fisher 1950
	4-Jul-49	Opportunistic survey	nesting	Dingus 1949
	4-Jul-50	Partial survey	nesting	Hatch 1950
	30-May-54	Estimated	Present	Richardson & Hatch 1954
	30-May-56	Partial survey	Present	Hatch et al. 1956
	3-Jun-56	Unknown	Present	Warner 1956
	8-Sep-63	Opportunistic survey	nesting	Whitten 1963
	29-Mar-64	Unknown	Present	Tomich et al. 1968
	2-May-64	Estimated	25,000 +/- 10,000 adults	Fitch 1968
	14-Jun-64	Estimated	25,000 +/- 10,000 adults	Fitch 1968
	27-Jun-65	Estimated	Present	ANON 1965
	19-May-66	Estimated	20,000 adults	Fitch 1968
	1967	Estimated	15,000 diurnal; 50,000 nocturnal	Fitch 1968
	12-Sep-67	Estimated	9,000 +/-500 adults; 3000-4000 chicks	Fitch 1968
	April - August 1969	Partial survey	in abundance; nesting	Shallenberger 1970
	9-Aug-70	Opportunistic survey	nesting	Prangue 1970
	13-Aug-72	Opportunistic survey	nesting	ANON 1972
	13-Aug-78	Opportunistic survey	nesting	Coleman 1978
	22-Apr-79	Opportunistic survey	nesting	Shallenberger 1979
	11-Aug-79	Opportunistic survey	several thousand; nesting	Hirai 1979
	9-Jun-81	Partial survey	nesting	Telfer et al. 1981
	17-Aug-81	Opportunistic survey	nesting	Donaldson 1981
	19-May-83	Opportunistic survey	nesting	Newman 1983
	21-Aug-83	Opportunistic survey	nesting	Shallenberger 1983
	29-May-84	Opportunistic survey	nesting	Sweet & Sweet 1984
	17-Jun-84	Partial survey	nesting	Pyle 1984
	26-Jun-84	Opportunistic survey	nesting	Morin 1984
	15-Jul-84	Opportunistic survey	nesting	Rauzon 1984
	15-Jun-85	Opportunistic survey	nesting	Engbring 1986
	28-Jul-85	Opportunistic survey	considerable numbers; nesting	Engbring 1986
	24-Aug-85	Opportunistic survey	nesting	Engbring 1986
	15-Jul-90	Opportunistic survey	nesting	Eilerts 1990
	27-May-94	Unknown	Present	DOFAW 1994
	27-May-94	Unknown	Present	Carter 1994
	1-Nov-95	Extrapolated	6875 individuals	DOFAW unpubl. data
	1-Nov-96	Extrapolated	8189 individuals	DOFAW unpubl. data
	1-Nov-97	Extrapolated	4818 individuals	DOFAW unpubl. data
	1-Nov-98	Extrapolated	9390 individuals	DOFAW unpubl. data
	1-Nov-99	Extrapolated	8695 individuals	DOFAW unpubl. data
	1-Nov-00	Extrapolated	14346 individuals	DOFAW unpubl. data
	1-Nov-01	Extrapolated	17085 individuals	DOFAW unpubl. data
	1-Nov-02	Extrapolated	14737 individuals	DOFAW unpubl. data
	1-Nov-03	Extrapolated	21519 individuals	DOFAW unpubl. data

Literature Citations:

Alton, H. 1971. Dont tread on them. 'Elepaio 32(3): 1.

Altonn, H. 1970. Stepped-up policing set for Rabbit Island. Star-Bulletin 1970 (December 16, 1970)1.

Altonn, H. 1977. Seabird refuge established. Honolulu Star-Bulletin 1977 (October 22, 1977): A101.

Anonymous. 1965. Rabbit Island. 'Elepaio 26(3): 1.

Anonymous. 1972. 13 August 1972: Manana Island. 'Elepaio 33(3): 2.

Anonymous. 1980. Manana Island field trips. 'Elepaio 40(10): 1.

Anonymous. 1984. Manana maps and map notes. In:

Anonymous. 1992. Images and GIS data of Oahu's offshore islets. In: Hawaii Natural Heritage Project

Anonymous. 1994. Report on Manana Island (Rabbit Island). Department of Land and Natural Resources, Division of Forestry and Wildlife, Honolulu. 4 p.

Anonymous. 1999. Nongame survey and inventory of seabirds, Oahu County, July 1, 1998 through June 30, 1999. Department of Land and Natural Resources, Division of Forestry and Wildlife, Honolulu. 58 p.

Anonymous. Maps of Manana, Popoia, Mokolii, Moku Manu, and Mokuauia. In:

Banko, W.E. 1980. Population histories, species accounts, seabirds: Hawaiian Dark-rumped Petrel ('Ua'u). Cooperative National Park Resources Studies Unit, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu. History of Hawaiian endemic birds 46 p.

Berger, A.J. 1972. Hawaiian birdlife and indigenous birds, p. 28. In: Hawaiian Birdlife. First. University of Hawaii Press Honolulu.

Berger, A.J. 1981. Hawaiian birdlife, p. 43. In: 2nd edition. University fo Hawaii Press, Honolulu.

Brown, R.C. 1932. Regulations of the Division of Forestry of the Board of Commissioners of Agriculture and Forestry of the Territory of Hawaii, p. 4. In: Territory of Hawaii4.

Brown, W.Y. 1973. The breeding biology of Sooty Terns and Brown Noddies on Manana or Rabbit Island, Oahu, Hawaii. Doctor of Philosophy. University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu. 233 p.

Brown, W.Y. 1974. Rabbit destruction of tern eggs. Auk 91: 2.

Bryan, E.H. 1935. Insects from Rabbit Island. Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society 9: 5.

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Byrd, G.V. 1979. Common Myna predation on Wedge-tailed Shearwater eggs. 'Elepaio 39(7): 69-70.

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